SEMANTIC SPACE OF DICTEM IN THE TEXT OF FOLKLORE FAIRY TALE

The article presents the results of the research of semantic structure of the fairy tale carried out by means of decomposing the semantics of the verb-concept, which potentially represents the dictem, into elementary components. The semantic universals, as fundamental human concepts, are considered as the basis for constructing "the natural semantic metalanguage" which makes it possible to describe the meanings transferred by means of one language using the means of any other language. It is revealed that the lexical meanings of verbs-concepts representing dictems with the titles "A-Harming" and "L-Elimination" which, in turn, form the occurseme, can be represented in the French and Russian fairy tale by the same semes. The author characterizes the technique of modeling the dictem's thematic field in the text of folklore fairy tale. The calculation of logical concepts is carried out on the basis of the analysis of verbs which potentially form the dictem in Russian fairy tale. The concepts realized in certain word meanings correlate to French verbs; then their semantic features described in French come to light and the last are represented in the form of semantic multipliers in Russian. Thus, the authors reconstruct the natural semantic metalanguage allowing to describe the French fairy tale by means of Russian language. Taking into account the data (quantity of semantic features, quantity of their elementary meanings and the distance between the center of dictem's semantic space and periphery units) as characteristics of coordinates (X, Y, Z), the authors create the graphic model of the semantic space of two dictems located in dialogical unity and forming the occurseme. The research shows that there is general semantic space of the fairy tale which forms a certain continuum, separate pieces of which will represent the semantic field of a dictem.