Effects of aortic clampage by endovasculaire in visceral traumatology. Preliminary results of an experimental study on animals.

Objective : to evaluate feasibility of celiac aortic balloon catheter in massive intraabdominal haemorrhage. Materials and methods : The haemodynamic effects of transfemoral diaphragmatic aortic occlusion with a balloon have been evaluated in 24 pigs. The animals were submitted to incontrollable haemorrhage by reproducible surgical splenic trauma. Group 1 (n=8): pigs received fluid resuscitation with isotonic NaCl without aortic occlusion; group 2 (n=8) and group 3 (n=4) underwent aortic occlusion (respectively 1 and 3 hours) and fluid resuscitation. Group 4 (n=4) underwent aortic occlusion (40 minutes), fluid resuscitation and splenectomy. Results: Aortic balloon catheter was effective without radiological control in every animal in group 2, 3 and 4. Survival value and mean arterial blood pressure were increased in aortic occlusion groups (p<0.05). In these groups, there were a significantly decrease of bleeding and volume of fluid resuscitation (p<0.05). Conclusion: Endovascular aortic occlusion produced a temporary significantly better haemodynamic profile and could be considered for management of uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock from an abdominal trauma.