A Comparative Analysis on Smart Farming Techniques using Internet of Things (IoT)

Agriculture is considered as one of the major sources in maintaining a nation's GDP. Most of the developing countries and under developed countries are relying on cultivation to improve their economic wealth. In this modern technology era, technology can play a tremendous role in the agriculture sector. The advanced technology has the capability to automate various cultivation phases like watering, fertilizing, harvesting and much more. In order to make the cultivation phases smarter, we deploy smart sensors in the fields to sense the water level, photo sensors to ensure sufficient sunlight is available for plant's growth, sensors to sense the nitrogen content and thereby to inform the farmer to initiate steps for proper fertilizing, etc. There are many works done in this area, and much more is progressing in the labs now. We analyzed the various standard IoT techniques used in Agriculture sector based on hardware and software, and thereby deriving the existing challenges for making farming much smarter and efficient.