THE PROBLEM OF DOUBLE DEMARCATION IN ANALYTIC PHILOSOPHY OF TECHNOLOGY

In this article it has been shown that consideration of technique out of value judgement has to be the condition of why analytical philosophy is possible. Continental tradition is characterized by the revealing of social, humanistic and anthropological aspects of interaction between human being and technology, whereas the analytical approach is based on epistemological and praxeological studies. Technical knowledge is determined in frames of the functional approach, as the knowledge that allows obtaining the planned result. Various types and forms of such knowledge may have containing and structural specificity, but knowledge becomes technical only if there's a possibility for humans to obtain the intended result with its help. In this article the problem of double demarcation is considered as separating of technical knowledge from scientific and nonscientific. In this case, the main feature of solution of the demarcation problem is related to the specific of technical knowledge, which may exist in various forms - from based on experience and scientifically unjustified recipes and rules to rigorous technical theories. Separation of non-scientific technical knowledge from non-scientific non-technical knowledge is based on the criteria of efficiency and utility. The term "non-scientific technical knowledge" means here all methods, techniques, recipes and practices, which, from one hand, satisfy the condition of efficiency and utility. From other hand, they let us obtain the intended result, if conditions of their use are satisfied, but at the same time, while being used, they don't appear as conclusions or corollaries of any present technical or scientific theory. Separation of scientific technical knowledge from scientific non-technical knowledge is based on pragmatic criterion. Deductive method of knowledge organization in complex here means the particularity of scientific technical knowledge, in addition to general technical requirements of functionality and efficiency. For all that, scientific technical knowledge may be part both of the technical and scientific theories (such as method of radiocarbon dating), which, however, corresponds to the deductive criterion.