Thyroglossal duct papillary carcinoma in a pediatric patient, case report and literature review

Background: Thyroid carcinoma represents 1% of all malignancies diagnosed each year worldwide. The thyroglossal duct is a congenital anomaly resulting from the retention of thyroid tissue during embryogenesis. In 70% of thyroglossal cysts are thyroid tissue in the lateral wall of the cyst and the incidence of carcinoma in the same is less than 1%. The most common histopathologic malignancy in thyroglossal duct cyst is the papillary thyroid carcinoma by up to 85% of cases. The malignant thyroglossal duct cyst has been classified histologically into two main types: the thyroid and non thyroid. Case Report: 10 years women with box three years to show increased neck volume, USG of neck cystic tumor in region likely suprathyroid thyroglossal cyst. BAAF cystic lesion (on a background proteinaceous and hemorrhagic groups identified three-dimensional foam cells and epithelial cells of thyroid origin with preservation of the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio). Sistrunk procedure was performed: 2 x 2 cm cystic lesion. Hyoid bone fixed ETO: papillary thyroid carcinoma. Final pathological report is papillary thyroid carcinoma. Discussion: The treatment of these lesions is not standardized; on the one hand there is the option of total thyroidectomy in a second or monitor the patient closely in its evolution. In our unit total thyroidectomy is performed in virtue of that there is a possibility to find between 11% and 25% of foci of carcinoma in the thyroid gland. Adjuvant management in such patients is based on thyroid hormone suppressive therapy with subtoxic doses. In the atypical cases of squamous cell carcinoma of thyroglossal duct cyst, postoperative radiotherapy is recommended.