For a critique of contemporary constructivism

We offer a system of criteria aiming at the analysis and classification of classic and current constructivisms. The key feature of constructivism is the genetic conception of the psychological function. Functional genesis means subjectual production of both knowledge and adaptation. It is opposed to geneticist, neural or sociological reductionism. This viewpoint goes back to Kant and becomes a mature evolutionary psychobiological and social theory in Baldwin's, Piaget's and Vygotsky's works. It is opposed to both subjectivism and objectivism. Objectivism reduces activity to independent realities, as the genes, the brain, or computational mechanics. Dualism, irrationality and individuality are the characteristic traits of subjectivist conception of psychological activity. Subjectivism goes back to Plato's definition of the irrational soul -the lower functions- wich was a desire slave and was unable to produce reliable knowledge. Hence subjectivism and objectivism are both ways of distortion or destruction of constructivism and its genetic perspective. Their influence is obvious inside the constructivism itself, and this helps us to understand the nature an limitations of very different constructivist approaches. We represent in a table our criteria and briefly offer some examples.