ON THE FOUNDATIONS OF HEGEL PHILOSOPHY OF RIGHT (ON THE CZECH TRANSLATION OF HEGEL PHILOSOPHY OF RIGHT)

The article concentrates on Hegel's critique of Rousseau's concept of civic will (Grundlinien der Philosophie des Rechts) and on civic will as the basic of the French Revolution (Phanomenologie des Geistes). In contrast to the first and second concepts of will, Hegel poses the objective will which need not be aware, although it is nevertheless ''understanding'' (das Vernunftige), as the hidden foundation of society. Objective will evolves in a threefold process of immersing individual will in the will of the supra-individual. These processes take place in abstract right, in morality and in the state. Hegel's conception of the ethical order (Sittlichkeit) of society in Grundlinien der Philosophie des Rechts is based on the theory of the objectification of individual will, which is. for the most part unconscious. Hegel expresses his theory in the terms gesetzt, Gesetzsein and Gesetztes. The article deals in detail with the critique of the usual arguments against Hegel's philosophy of right. In the author's view, the origin of the so-called conservative features of Hegel's philosophy of right lies in those aspects of Hegel's social theory which were derived from antiquity.