In European agriculture only one working regional integration has developed, the European Community. However a Pareto optimum was never achieved. EFTA countries follow individual protectionism in their agricultural policy; in COMECON there was no real integration in agriculture even if structures and policy measures showed many common features. This pattern makes it probable that a broader integration would start from the EC. Admission of some EFTA countries would not necessarily change the protectionist image of the Community, but CEECs and FSU areas have a very significant agricultural potential which could be mobilised in a European integration. From the East European view, there would be two paths for integration. East European countries could integrate to the West European agricultural market either in a member status or from outside, in a subordinated integration. Structures of agriculture differ greatly between Western and Eastern Europe; the domination of large-scale farms in the East will hardly change in mid term. In a European integration the East could develop competitiveness in cereals while the West would be competitive in some livestock production. The recovery of the East, improving living standards, will require more livestock products. West European agriculture, in some products and in some areas, would experience some loss, especially in sectors sustained by protectionism. But competitive sectors could achieve progress, and upstream and downstream industries of West Europe also would gain a lot.