Fear and preoperative anxiety behaviour and pain intensity perceived after knee arthroscopy

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the short-term (24 hours) association between postoperative pain and preoperative psychological variables (anxiety, pain catastrophizing and kinesiophobia) in a sample of knee arthroscopy ambulatory surgery. Methods: Observational cross-sectional study, conducted with 40 adult subjects who underwent knee arthroscopy in the surgical area of Cantoblanco Hospital (Hospital Universitario La Paz) in Madrid. The fear-avoidance beliefs and anxiety were assessed using validated questionnaires of pain catastrophizing, kinesiophobia and anxiety. Pre and post-surgical pain and perceived disability were evaluated by the Verbal Numeric Scale. Results: Mean age of the sample (22 men and 18 women) was 52.85 14.21 without significant differences between gender. No statistically significant data for the association between variables of kinesiofobia, anxiety and pain catastrophizing and the intensity of perceived pain by the postoperative knee arthroscopy patient were found. Length of surgery in our study has a correlation with the immediate post-surgical pain (r =0.468; P=.002) and there is a relationship between age and pain intensity at 24 hours (r = 0.329; P=.038), and between age and perceived disability (r- 0.314; P=.049). An association between catastrophizing and kinesiophobia scales (r = 0.337; P=.033) is obtained likewise. Conclusions: In conclusion, preoperative fear-avoidance beliefs like pain anxiety or pain catastrophizing and kinesiophobia were not associated with acute postoperative pain in our study. Analyses of secondary pain related outcomes, however, indicated that reduced time of surgery may contribute to enhance clinical postoperative pain. If confirmed and replicated in larger samples, this may potentially enable clinicians to improve postoperative pain management in future patients. (C) 2016 Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. All rights reserved.