Hepatic steatosis in obese children: imaging investigation

Aims: To review hepatic steatosis in obese children, with emphasis on the imaging investigation. Source of data: Literature review about the topic, using the PubMed, SciELO and LILACS databases. Summary of the findings: Among pediatric population, hepatic steatosis has a 2.6% world prevalence and can reach striking rates in obese children, ranging from 23 to 53%. Such "new" disease, previously regarded as a condition affecting mostly adults, has aroused attention of scientific community. Non-alcoholic hepatic steatosis, an asymptomatic and progressive disease, constitutes one of the most prevalent hepatic complications as it may lead to steatohepatitis and even cirrhosis. Accordingly, the early and noninvasive diagnosis of this disease is of great importance through different imaging methods available, among which we highlight ultrasonography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance. Conclusions: Considering the advantages and disadvantages of every diagnostic imaging method currently available, magnetic resonance is considered the best imaging procedure for diagnosis and quantification of fatty liver infiltration. However, imaging investigation may be initiated by a less sophisticated method, such as ultrasonography, which is an easier and less expensive approach.