Building on an extensive literature on corruption, growth, and development, the article shows that corruption is not simply associated with lower levels of socioeconomic development, but that it also has a significant causal effect on a country's level of socioeconomic development. The basic implication of the findings presented in the article is that the reduction in the level of corruption in a given country leads to greater wealth, higher levels of education, longer life expectancy, and lower infant mortality-this is why we speak of the dividends of good governance.