Violence is a phenomenon that has followed man since the beginning and is manifested in many different ways, being present in families, at school, church, etc. Sexual violence against children and adolescents happens worldwide, and this cruel form of human rights violation has touched and mobilized various social groups to think about ways of facing the problem. The objectives of this study are: to assess the social-historical fabric of sexual violence against children and adolescents; reflect on the concept of domestic sexual violence against children and adolescents; draw a conceptual theoretical survey on the problem of violence against children and adolescents and analyze aspects of sexual violence against children and adolescents regarding the legislation, given the concept of full protection to children and adolescents. The issues that guide this study are: how does the social-historical process of violence against children and adolescents occur? What are the concepts of domestic sexual violence against children and adolescents? What do scholars who study violence children and adolescents say about the problem? What are the aspects of sexual violence against children and adolescents regarding the legislation in terms of comprehensive child and adolescent protection? The problem lies in domestic violence and is an endemic and complex phenomenon, which can occur anywhere regardless of social class, age group, ethnicity and society, involving content that is difficult to understand and potentially presenting the risk of death to those involved. The methodology used in this article is based on the technique of bibliographical studies of selected literature on the different categories, not only of domestic sexual violence, but also the violation of rights, family conflict and social violence. This study is based on: Faleiros, 2004; Guerra, 1998; Liborio, 2003; Rocha, 2011; Minayo, 1994; Araujo, 2002; Arroyo, 2011; Brasil, 2001; Lemos, 2011; Faleiros, P.V. & Faleiros, E.S. 2007 Faleiros, among others. We have concluded that domestic sexual violence against children and adolescents deserves a better discussion so that human rights are guaranteed, and so that negligence or failure to comply with the law and disagreement about its applicability and effectiveness do not occur.