The Formation of the Concept of "New Liberalism" in Great Britain at the End of the 19th Century and the Beginning of the 20th Century

This article is devoted to the formation of social ("new") liberalism in Great Britain as the concept and policy. The W. E. Gladstone's influence was very strong in the sphere of practical policy at the end of the 19th century. In the sphere of political theory the thoughts and ideas of T. H. Green dominated. T. H. Green formulated the new concept of relations between personality and the state. New liberalism was based on the point that the state has its duties not only in defense of its citizens but in regulation of social and economical life of the society. It was necessary to give a new impulse to liberal policy and the idea to rethink the concept of individualism. The group of young liberals that was called Rainbow Circle took the responsibility for this task. Social reforms and Free Trade were the most important points of the liberal programme. But the politicians and theorists were sure and concerned the programme should change the life of the society and should meet its needs.