Dyspepsia in Iran: SEPAHAN Systematic Review No. 3

Background: Dyspepsia is an upper gastrointestinal tract syndrome presenting epigastric pain and discomfort, fullness sensation, early satiety, nausea, vomiting, and belching. The prevalence of dyspepsia has been reported to be high all over the world. In this study, we reviewed studies reporting the prevalence of dyspepsia in Iran and discussed the probable risk factors of dyspepsia to shed light on future research on this topic. Methods: The four electronic databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, IranMedex, and Scientific Information Database were searched. The keywords for the electronic search were "dyspepsia" and "Iran". A manual search of the reference lists of the selected articles was also carried out. Two reviewers reviewed and identified articles independently and selected relevant studies based on our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Nine articles reporting the prevalence of dyspepsia in Iran were included. The reported prevalence ranged from 2.2% to 29.9%. The majority of studies have reported the prevalence of dyspepsia to be higher in women. Conclusion: Dyspepsia seems to be highly prevalent in Iran. Considering the wide range of data reported in different studies, conducting further population-based studies is necessary to investigate the epidemiology and risk factors of dyspepsia among Iranians.