Utilisation of municipal solid waste as an amendment for reclamation of coal mine spoil dump

Mine spoil dumps generated due to mining activities pose drastic physico-chemical and biological constraints for sustainable vegetation. Thus an eco-friendly and cost-effective Microbe Assisted Phytoremediation (MAP) is adopted for reclamation of coalmine spoil dumps. The results indicate that MAP is also an excellent tool for fast restoration and productivity of wastelands, 95-99% plants survival rate, provides CO2 sinks, generating fuel, fibre, food, fodder, medicines, etc. Thus, the MAP aids the mining industries in converting the negative impacts of the degraded ecosystem into a source of revenue in a short span and opens a new avenue to implement the technology in different types of wastelands.