Solar Tilt Measurement of Array for Building Application and Error Analysis

The optimum angle show some variations when compared with values reported in the literature. The amount of solar radiation incident on a tilted module surface is the component of the incident solar radiation which is perpendicular to the module surface. The array's tilt is the angle in degrees from horizontal. A flat roof has 0 degree tilt and a vertical wall mount has a 90 degrees tilt angle. Whether you are installing solar panel on a flat roof or a pitched roof, the output of the solar PV system would be increased by optimizing the tilt angle. This paper gives the information about the theoretical aspects of choosing a tilt angle for the solar flat-plate collectors used at different locations in India. So the calculations are based upon the measured values of monthly mean daily global and diffuse solar radiation on a horizontal surface. It is shown that nearly optimal energy can be collected if the angle of tilt is varied seasonally, four times a year. Annual optimum tilt angle is found to be approximately equal to latitude of the location. This study determined that PV module oriented towards the South gives the greatest value of electrical energy for the angle of 30 degrees.