HABERMAS WITHIN THE LIMITS OF REASON: FAITH AND KNOWLEDGE AS THE FIRST INSTANCES OF THE POSTMETAPHYSICAL REASON

After all the crisis of reason we have experienced in recent decades, one of the most pressing need of the society is to build a kind of reason capable of resolving the paradox-between necessity and freedom, between public and private, between particularity and generality - emerges when we think about any ethical system. In recent years, Habermas has become as one of the most capable thinkers in dealing with complex ethical issues, such as secularization or the ability religions have still today in order to provide with meaning any social construction. Only allowing the access of the religious speech to the area of the public thing we will be able to solve the insufficiencies from which they suffer, for example, the idea of justice in Rawls or Kant's categorical imperative, both empty of content Once we draw the outlines of what would be a reason built on the edge of dialogical consensus, we will focus on the famous debate between Habermas and Paolo Flores d'Arcais just in order to see the consequences of both positions for the future of modern societies.