Emerging wireless technologies for developing countries

The network readiness of a country indicates the ability of its principal stakeholders-government, citizens, businesses-to leverage the potential of information and communication technology (ICT). As broadband becomes more widely diffused in developing countries, there is great potential to increase the number of people who are connected. Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) and Worldwide interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) are not only revolutionizing broadband communications in the developed world but they also offer to developing countries the opportunity to bridge the digital divide that may exist in their communities. As emerging markets look for opportunities to "leap-frog", they can quickly adapt to next-generation wireless technologies like Wi-Fi and WiMAX, thereby gaining advantages over other traditional wired infrastructures. Policymakers should seek suitable strategies to promote vital broadband technologies that offer beneficial alternatives to traditional cable and DSL. We propose a strategic wireless framework to address challenges in three different economic sectors of a developing country: Tier I or metro economy, which is well-urbanized and integrated with the global economy; Tier II or sub-urban economy, which has niche economic or development activities compared to Tier I; and Tier III or the rural economy, characterized by informal economic activity and poverty. (C) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.