A systematic study of the Vernonia leopoldi complex was undertaken with the objective of determining the taxonomic status of the species involved within this group. Two species, i.e. Vernonia leopoldi and V bipontini have been recognized as distinct based on evidence from morphological studies accompanied by field observations and anatomical studies (particularly trichomes and petioles). Both species have 2n=36 (first reports), Three new varieties have been recognized within V bipontini, namely var. bipontini, var. gonderensis and var. caccaensis. A lectotype is selected for V leopoldi.