Early Diagnosis of Preeclampsia

Preeclampsia is a disease of the placenta that results in widespread, multisystem, maternal vascular endothelial dysfunction and microangiopathy. It is multisystem disease that is clinically defined by new onset hypertension and proteinuria, typically presenting after 20 weeks of gestation. This nonspecific presentation often overlaps with other diseases. As such, the diagnosis remains challenging and relies on careful clinical assessment. The disease pathogenesis is complex, but is currently better understood. Despite novel research advances in understanding the pathogenesis of preeclampsia, to date there is no single diagnostic test available. However, meticulous antepartum care with careful assessment of preexisting maternal risk factors, understanding of the disease pathogenesis and recognition of the clinical manifestations will increase the likelihood of timely diagnosis and institution of appropriate interventions that can positively impact maternal and fetal outcomes.