Glycemic Status and Renal Function among Type 2 Diabetics

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterized by some specific complications including diabetic nephropathy. Urea & creatinine are useful parameters to diagnose the renal function, despite some limitations. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the effect of hyperglycemic condition on the renal function parameters like serum urea and serum creatinine. Methods: It was a cross sectional study. To determine the incidence of kidney dysfunction in type 2 diabetics in Nepalgunj Medical College and Hospital, Nepalgunj, Nepal. Random blood samples were taken from 100 diabetic subjects and 100 non-diabetic controls between the period 1st February, 2012 to 31st January, 2013 for investigation of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), blood urea and serum creatinine. These biochemical parameters were determined by using a fully automated clinical chemistry analyzer. The comparison was done by using Student 't' test. Results: Our findings showed that the level of blood urea (P< 0.0128 Diabetic male and P approximate to 0.0082 Diabetic female) and serum creatinine (P< 0.0001 Diabetic male and P approximate to 0.0187 Diabetic female) were significantly higher in type 2 diabetics as compared to non-diabetics in both male and female. There was no significant difference between diabetic male and female. High serum creatinine level was seen in males than females. Conclusion: In our study there was an increase of blood urea level in type 2 DM. Good control of blood glucose level is absolute requirement to prevent progressive renal impairment.