MANAGEMENT - ENDLESS PROCESS OF PROBLEM-SOLVING

Viewing leadership as a process of solving ,,objective'' problems with which the leader and the members of the group are confronted is contrasted with a perspective in which cognition and behavior are processes of self-reference, which are the product of differentiations (problem - solution, leader - followers, person - task) in this process. Searching for the ,,right way'' of leadership is replaced by a concept of leadership in terms of ,,second order cybernetics'' which leaders (and followers) can use as means for disturbing the usual and unconscious ways of constructing reality.