HISTORICAL CARTOGRAPHIC OVERVIEW AND CARTOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF THE GEOLOGICAL MAP OF TRANSYLVANIA BY HAUER (1861)

One of the most most outstanding achievement of the Transylvanian geological mapping activity of the mid-nineteenth century, namely the overall geological map of Transylvania by Hauer (1861) represents an important part of our cartographic heritage. Therefore, the aim of this study is on the one hand, to offer a brief survey about the historical cartographic overview of the map with special respect to the geological mapping activity of Transylvania in the mid-nineteenth century. On the other hand, the paper summarizes the cartographic analysis which has been made in order to geo-reference the map in its initial projection and geodetic datum. The rectification has been performed in Global Mapper v16.1 using all the crossings of the grid lines, while the geometric accuracy of the map has been analysed with the MapAnalyst 1.3.23 software application. This analysis is necessary when the goal is to extract geological information from several geological maps from different periods in order to compare the old geological data with modern ones and to make possible the tracking of the evolution of geological knowledge in time.