ON THE SIGNIFICANT, UNRECOVERABLE, FUNDAMENTAL LAW VIOLATIONS AS THE REASONS FOR CANCELLING OR CHANGING THE COURT DECISIONS ON CRIMINAL CASES

The content of abrogation or variation of judgments on appeals procedure like significant violations of criminal-procedural legislation was investigated. These violations by depriving or limitation of guaranteed by Code of Criminal Procedure of Russian Federation the rights of participants of criminal proceedings, noncompliance with process of legal proceedings or otherwise have influenced or could have influenced on imposition of a lawful and reasonable judicial decision. The conditional and unconditional significant interruptions of the criminal-procedural legislation were shown. The content of part 1 article 389.22 is considered: condemnatory convictions or other judgments of the first instance should be abolished and criminal cases should be transmitted to the new trial, if at the trial of the first instance have been permitted interruptions of the criminal-procedural and (or) criminal legislations, which are irremovable in the Court of appeals instance. It has been shown, that the content and meaning of the irremovable interruptions as fundamental (principled, significant), which influence on the result of the case. The fundamental interruptions of legislation take place in situations, when uncorrected mistake of the court distort the substance of justice, sense of the sentence as act of justice, which destroy a necessary balance of the constitutionally-protected interests of convicted and injured persons. It has been shown, that fundamental violations might be not only significant violations of criminal-procedural, but also criminal legislation, which present the greatest mistakes of its application. Condemnatory conviction or another judgment should be abolished and criminal cases should be transmitted to the prosecutor, if at the trial of the appeals instance will be detected the circumstances, which are indicated in part 1 article 237 of Code of Criminal Procedure of Russian Federation. The Court of appeals instance belong these interruptions to unrecoverable violations. There are recommendations of explanation and application of the number of rules in consecutive and judicial practice in the article, which are fixed in articles 389.17, 389.22, 401.6, 401.15, 412.9 of Code of Criminal Procedure of Russian Federation.