TURBULENT PICK-UP OF NEWBORN IONS NEAR VENUS AND MARS AND PROBLEMS OF NUMERICAL MODELING OF THE SOLAR-WIND INTERACTION WITH THESE PLANETS .1. FEATURES OF THE SOLAR-WIND INTERACTION WITH PLANETS

This paper deals with mass-loading near Venus. It is shown that heavy ions born upstream of the Venusian shockfront do not significantly change the solar wind (SW) parameters (in particular, Mach number). In the Venusian magnetosheath the number of heavy ions undergoing acceleration in the large-scale field, which can be the source of the asymmetry and non-hydrodynamic properties of the plasma, is a few percent of the total ion flux from the dayside to the downstream mantle. The most intensive mass-loading of the SW flow is near the ionopause. Pick-up instabilities are possible there and plasma with two ion species will have hydrodynamical features due to turbulence resulting from instabilities.