PRODUCTION OF THIOPHENE AND ALKYLTHIOPHENES FROM HYDROCARBONS AND HYDROGEN-SULFIDE BY CATALYTIC METHODS

Production of thiophene and alkylthiophenes by interaction of acetylene, alkanes C4 - C8, alkenes and alkadienes C4 - C6 with hydrogen sulfide in presence of oxides, sulfides metals and their mixtures are reviewed. The various conditions of catalysts investigation in fixed and fluidized bed systems are examined. The equilibrium yields of thiophenes from C4 - C6 hydrocarbons and hydrogen sulfide are compared with experimental data. The dehydrocyclization of C6 - C8 hydrocarbons with formation of aromatics take place in addition to heterocyclization of these hydrocarbons in the presence of hydrogen sulfide into alkylthiophenes. The mechanism of interaction of C4 - C5 hydrocarbons with hydrogen sulfide which have been studied by kinetic isotope method is discussed. The phisico-chemical characteristics of active chromium containing oxide catalysts for heterocyclization and industrial production of thiophene are considered. Bibliography - 63 references.