Wireless sensor network node deployment based on multi-objective immune algorithm

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is made up of a large number of low-cost wireless sensor nodes, which can collect all types of data in its lifetime. Node deployment of WSN is a NP complete problem, and it can significantly influence the network coverage and energy consumption in WSN. In this paper, we try to exploit multi-objective immune algorithm to solve the node deployment problem in WSN. The proposed node deployment algorithm aims to maximise the degree of network coverage and minimise the energy consumption. In the proposed multi-objective immune algorithm, each antibody refers to a candidate solution in node deployment process, and the antibodies are randomly initialised with a specific range. In addition, we design a fitness function by two ranking modes. Finally, experiments are conducted to test the performance of the proposed algorithm. Particularly, we use some typical performance metric in this experiment, such as coverage degree, energy consumption, and maximum moved distance. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed can both enhance the network coverage degree and reduce the energy consumption by minimising the moved distance.