How "African" Is the African Peace and Security Architecture? Conceptual and Practical Constraints of Regional Security Cooperation in Africa

With the creation of the African Peace and Security Architecture in 2004, African states were aiming to assume the primary responsibility for peace and security on the continent and establish a structure to assemble the necessary financial and military means. However, despite the constant evocation of "African ownership," it is non-African actors that call the tune and can define and drive African security. Based on a detailed juxtaposition of rhetoric and empirical evidence, this paper argues that significant conceptual and practical problems constrain the "Africanization" of African security and that it appears increasingly unlikely that the continent's states will be able to achieve the desired primacy in security affairs in the foreseeable future.