The great conspiracy against the continuation of the war, discovery and repressed in the San Fernando camp, in mid-1868, is presented as a product of the mariscal paranoid imagination by his detractors, and justified by its supporters, despite the abstract nature of judgments, without the right to defense, and the widespread use of torture. The paper presents interpretations about the meaning of the profound social indisputable conspiracy organized around the Lopez family and the harsh repression that motivated.