Alternatives to entrenched beliefs

Trenchless technology is a useful generic name given to a range of techniques, some of them developed recently with others that have been in use more than a hundred years. Applications broadly can be divided into three main categories: New installation - putting a new pipe on a new line On-line replacement - installing a new pipe by simultaneously removing the old line Renovation - lining an existing pipe Geotechnical considerations are fundamental to all new installation work, important in on-line replacement and relatively unimportant for renovation.