Changes in Blood Pressure, Blood Glucose, and Lipid Profile Caused by Changes of Weight, Percent Body Fat, and Waist Circumference in Adult Men with Normal Weight and Waist Circumference

Background: Metabolic indexes (blood pressure, blood glucose, and lipid) differ depending on lower or upper normal value of obesity indexes (weight, percent-body-fat, and waist circumference) despite normal value. Therefore, we examined metabolic indexes changes across obesity indexes changes. Methods: We analyzed 344 adult men who received routine-checkups with normal weight and waist circumference before and after follow-up. We used multiple-linear-regression to examine associations between changes of obesity indexes and metabolic indexes before and after follow-up. We examined differences of metabolic indexes by t-test and odds ratios of normal or abnormal metabolic indexes by multiple-logistic-regression in groups where obesity indexes were increased and decreased. Results: The mean follow-up was 1.38 +/- 0.32 years and there were associations between weight change rate and changes in systolic-blood-pressure (SBP), diastolic-blood-pressure (DBP), triglyceride (TG), and high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) (P = 0.001, 0.03, 0.001, 0.01), associations between percent-body-fat change and changes in SBP, DBP, fasting-blood-glucose (FBG) and TG (P = 0.02, 0.002, < 0.001, 0.03), and associations between waist circumference change rate and changes in FBG, TG, HDL (P = 0.01, 0.01, 0.02). There were significant SBP and HDL differences in weight decrease and increase groups (P = 0.04, < 0.001), FBG difference in percent-body-fat decrease and increase groups (P = 0.01), and FBG and TG differences in waist circumference decrease/increase groups (P = 0.03, 0.03). As compared with percent-body-fat decrease group, percent-body-fat increase group had odds ratio of FBG = 100 of 2.98 (95% confidential interval [CI], 1.18 to 7.51) with a significance on only FBG of initially normal metabolic components and conversely percent-body-fat decrease group had odds ratio of FBG < 100 of 3.22 (95% CI, 1.21 to 8.60) with a significance on only FBG of initially abnormal metabolic components. Conclusion: Increased obesity indexes even within normal range, could change metabolic indexes.