A HYPERBOLIC ENERGY ANALYZER

The hyperbolic energy analyzer (HEA) is based on a novel diagnostic principle which uses a new type of electrostatic lens. The HEA has a pinhole aperture, a hyperbolic lens, and a long Faraday cup. The hyperboloid cones which make up the lens have a vertex angle of 70.53°. Each cone is held at a constant potential. The hyperbolic lens performs two functions: it focuses the ions in space and it selects the ion energy which is collected by the Faraday cup. The HEA measured electron and ion characteristics in the M4X (modified Missouri magnetic mirror experiment) and the results were confirmed with Langmuir probes and ion energy analyzers.