SUSTAINABLE USE OF ENERGY - A NORMATIVE ENERGY SCENARIO - 1990-2050

In dealing with 'sustainable use of energy', this paper will discuss the issue of energy and environment, including the four main measures (energy saving and efficiency; switching to natural gas; CO2 recovery; development of alternative energy sources) to reduce the CO2 emissions resulting from energy use; review the energy and development issue, including the striking differences in terms of energy use (relative use of energy sources; energy use per capita; and energy intensity) between and within the main regions of the world; show with a normative energy (NE) scenario for 1990-2050 that global CO2 reduction of 50% could be reached by simultaneously applying the four main measures with differentiated responsibilities for industrialized and developing countries; compare this NE scenario with a targeted efficiency (TE) scenario for 2050; and, finally, discuss a global umbrella to promote regional energy arrangements that will be efficient, equitable and sustainable and draw some conclusions on the governance of energy as an area of global concern.