A STOCHASTIC DISTRIBUTED MODEL OF SOIL-EROSION BY OVERLAND-FLOW

A model has been built to simulate runoff and erosion on slopes of varying form with soil of varying hydraulic conductivity, porosity, storage capacity, and particle size distribution. The model is based on known physical laws and takes into account spatially dependent random variation in the initial conditions of the soil. The rainfall is similarly both random and autocorrelated in space. Detailed results show how runoff is generated as a result of slow conductivity and high water table, how this leads to erosion, the degradation of the land surface, the capture of flow lines, and the development of networks of rills. The last accords well with results from laboratory experiments. Changing the initial conditions produces results that accord with intuition and reality.