Earliest modern human-like hand bone from a new >1.84-million-year-old site at Olduvai in Tanzania

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作者
Manuel Domínguez-Rodrigo
Travis Rayne Pickering
Sergio Almécija
Jason L. Heaton
Enrique Baquedano
Audax Mabulla
David Uribelarrea
机构
[1] IDEA (Instituto de Evolución en África),Department of Prehistory
[2] Museo de los Orígenes,Department of Anthropology
[3] Complutense University,Department of Vertebrates
[4] University of Wisconsin-Madison,Department of Anthropology
[5] Evolutionary Studies Institute,Department of Anatomical Sciences
[6] University of the Witwatersrand,Department of Biology
[7] WITS,Department of Geodynamics
[8] Plio-Pleistocene Palaeontology Section,undefined
[9] Ditsong National Museum of Natural History (Transvaal Museum),undefined
[10] Center for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology,undefined
[11] The George Washington University,undefined
[12] Stony Brook University,undefined
[13] Institut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont (ICP),undefined
[14] Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona,undefined
[15] Birmingham-Southern College,undefined
[16] Museo Arqueológico Regional,undefined
[17] Plaza de las Bernardas s/n,undefined
[18] Archaeology Unit,undefined
[19] University of Dar es Salaam,undefined
[20] Complutense University,undefined
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摘要
Modern humans are characterized by specialized hand morphology that is associated with advanced manipulative skills. Thus, there is important debate in paleoanthropology about the possible cause–effect relationship of this modern human-like (MHL) hand anatomy, its associated grips and the invention and use of stone tools by early hominins. Here we describe and analyse Olduvai Hominin (OH) 86, a manual proximal phalanx from the recently discovered >1.84-million-year-old (Ma) Philip Tobias Korongo (PTK) site at Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania). OH 86 represents the earliest MHL hand bone in the fossil record, of a size and shape that differs not only from all australopiths, but also from the phalangeal bones of the penecontemporaneous and geographically proximate OH 7 partial hand skeleton (part of the Homo habilis holotype). The discovery of OH 86 suggests that a hominin with a more MHL postcranium co-existed with Paranthropus boisei and Homo habilis at Olduvai during Bed I times.
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