1,2-Bis(nitroazol-1-yl)diazenes: improved methods of synthesis, determination of the enthalpies of formation, and calculations of main energy characteristics of solid composite propellants based on these compounds

Methods for the synthesis of 1,2-bis(3,4-dinitropyrazol-1-yl)diazene (1), 1,2-bis(3,5-dinitropyrazol-1-yl)diazene (2), and 1,2-bis(3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)diazene (3) were improved. The standard enthalpies of formation of these compounds were determined experimentally using combustion calorimetry. The density of compound 1 was refined. The possibilities of optimal use of the synthesized diazenes as energetic fillers for solid composite propellants (SCPs) were investigated. The main energy characteristics of SCPs containing diazenes were compared with those of the corresponding propellants based on hexanitrohexaazaisowurzitane, octogen, ammonium dinitramide, and ammonium perchlorate using thermodynamic analysis.