Structural and electrical properties of bismuth magnesium titanate substituted lead-free sodium bismuth titanate ceramics

Bismuth magnesium titanate substituted sodium bismuth titanate lead-free piezoceramics are synthesized by solid state reaction method up to x = 0.06 mole fraction. Samples are poled and influence of substitution on poled ceramics is studied. Dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties are analyzed in relation with intrinsic parameters strain and lattice distortion. Rhombohedral R3c symmetry is retained up to x = 0.04 mole fraction. Change to higher symmetry cubic phase is noticed for higher mole fraction of BMT substitution. Enhanced electrical properties are obtained for x = 0.04 mole fraction due to smallest rhombohedral lattice distortion and low homogeneous strain. Structural change to higher symmetry phase leads to low remnant polarization and decreased piezoelectric coefficient for higher mole fraction of bismuth magnesium titanate substitution.