Photosynthesis and Oxygenation of the Earth's Atmosphere

Based on the contemporary data concerning photosynthesis as a global biogeochemical mechanism of solar energy utilization and organic matter and oxygen production, the formation of photosynthesis in the Proterozoic is considered, as well as its role in transformation of the pre-Proterozoic oceanic hydrosphere and the Earth's atmosphere from a reduced to an oxidized state. Photosynthesis is considered the longest stage of organic world evolution. The problem of production of “excessive” oxygen is considered, which entered and is entering the atmosphere through the oceanic hydrosphere and determines the process of its organization.