Enhancement of solubility and dissolution rate of cryptotanshinone, tanshinone I and tanshinone IIA extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza

Cryptotanshinone, tanshinone I and tanshinone IIA are three major components in the extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza with pharmacological significance. However, their effective utilization is limited due to poor water solubility and bioavailability. Solid dispersion (SD) of the extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza was prepared to enhance solubility and dissolution of the three major components. Various carriers were screened for SD preparation by conventional solvent method. Dissolution of the components from selected SD systems was compared with commercial tablets of the extract from Salvia miltiorrhiza. The solubility of three components viz., cryptotanshinone, tanshinone I and tanshinone IIA, after forming SD with either of povidone K-30 (PVP K-30) or poloxamer 407, exhibited enhanced solubility in pH 6.8 buffer. Dissolution test revealed that the amount of three components released was higher from SD tablets as compared to the commercial tablets. Pharmacokinetic profile was evaluated using cryptotanshinone as a representative compound. AUC of cryptotanshinone was significantly increased when administered as a solid dispersion.