The Perception of Independent Living among Thai Older Adults

In Thailand, 11% of the population are 65 years or older, and this figure is expected to increase by more than a quarter by 2040. One of the most pressing challenges faced by Thai older adults is living independently despite their physical frailties. As a result, a shift in emphasis, from elderly care to independent living, has been advocated. This study is a descriptive study designed using qualitative methods and aimed at exploring the perception of independent living on the part of Thai older adults, including the meaning, characteristics, and contributing factors of independent living. Eleven Thai older adults aged 60 years or older with no physical disability and living in both urban and suburban community in the central part of Thailand were studied using in-depth interviews. Data were analyzed using content analysis. The findings revealed that Thai older adults explained independent living as performing activities of daily living without depending on others, making decisions without control from others, and feeling comfortable doing their personal activities. The characteristics of living independently were found to be the following: 1) being employed, 2) having sufficient money for personal expenses, 3) being capable of participating in religious activities, and 4) having time for relaxation. Moreover, the factors that were seen to contribute to independent living were the personal factors of the individual, the environment, and the social support provided by his or her family and community. Understanding the meaning, characteristics, and factors that contribute to independent living in Thai older adults is essential in order to increase the self-fulfillment of Thai older adults living in the community, and to promote their self-esteem, control, and dignity.