A Novel Green Synthesis of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Using a Henna Extract Powder

Cupric oxide (CuO) nanoparticles are synthesized using Henna and copper nitrate as the copper source by the green method at different calcination temperatures. The effect of the amount of Henna extracts on the particle size and the morphology of nanoparticles is characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy. This method has many advantages such as nontoxicity, economic viability, easiness to scale up, less time consuming and environment-friendly approach for the synthesis of CuO nanoparticles without using any organic chemicals. The average crystallite size of CuO nanoparticles is calculated using the Scherrer formula. The powder XRD analysis reveals the formation of a monoclinic CuO phase with an average particle size of 22–38 nm. There is good agreement between the data obtained by XRD and microscopic measurements. The particle sizes of the prepared cupric oxide nanoparticles depend on the amount of Henna extracts and calcination temperatures.