Acute abdomen [Akutes Abdomen]

Acute abdomen is a syndrome with one or more of the following symptoms: acute abdominal pain, abdominal tenderness, and a considerably reduced general condition, up to life-threatening cardiovascular shock. Triggers for acute abdomen include a number of gastrointestinal as well as extraabdominal conditions, the most common being inflammation, perforation, ischemia, and mechanical obstruction. The numerous possible causes and the dramatic deterioration in the patient's clinical condition are challenges even for the experienced physician. A rational, time-saving diagnostic approach is mandatory and should be based on the physician's appraisal, laboratory investigations, ultrasound, and computed tomography. Recognition of the symptoms, a quick response, and initial interdisciplinary cooperation of gastroenterologist, radiologist, and surgeon are crucial for the best prognosis. © 2009 Springer Medizin Verlag.