Factors Influencing Selenium Concentration in Community-Dwelling Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Selenium (Se) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes, and which factors affecting Se concentration in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are unknown. This study aimed to explore the factors influencing Se concentration in community-dwelling individuals with T2DM. A total of 176 patients with T2DM were involved, and their general information was collected through a self-designed questionnaire. Venous blood samples and hair samples were collected to detect Se concentration and biochemical parameters. Multiple linear regression and binary logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the factors influencing Se concentration in patients with T2DM. The factors influencing selenoprotein P concentration in patients with T2DM included alkaline phosphatase (β = − 1.373; 95% CI: 0.087–0.736; P = 0.012), systolic blood pressure (SBP; β = − 0.047; 95% CI: 0.930–0.978; P < 0.001), the duration of T2DM (β = − 0.074; 95% CI: 0.877–0.983; P = 0.011), and clinical complications (β = 1.237; 95% CI: 1.465–8.109; P = 0.005). The factors influencing glutathione peroxidase activity in patients with T2DM were creatinine (CREA; β = − 0.378; P < 0.001), uric acid (β = − 0.069; P = 0.009), body mass index (β = − 2.177; P = 0.002), SBP (β = − 0.275; P = 0.031), and medical payment (β = 29.160; P < 0.001). The factors influencing serum Se concentration in patients with T2DM were albumin (β = − 1.391; 95% CI: 0.065–0.959; P = 0.043) and CREA (β = − 1.482; 95% CI: 0.072–0.718; P = 0.012). The factors influencing hair Se concentration in patients with T2DM were smoking (β = − 1.151; 95% CI: 0.133–0.755; P = 0.010), drinking (β = 1.366; 95% CI: 1.191–12.909; P = 0.025), and hair dyeing (β = − 1.113; 95% CI: 0.124–0.867; P = 0.025). In conclusion, the Se concentration in patients with T2DM was mainly affected by liver and renal function. When liver and/or renal function was impaired, the Se concentration in patients with T2DM was decreased.