Workplace Experiences of LGBTQIA + Individuals in Portugal

Although Portuguese Labour Code forbids discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity, 20% of LGBTQIA + workers report workplace discrimination, potentially because non-discrimination policies do not protect against more covert types of discrimination. This study aimed to characterize workplace discrimination and support among Portuguese LGBTQIA + workers using online surveys to capture workplace satisfaction and support and discrimination in the workplace. Quantitative results were computed using STATA, Version 17.0. Qualitative data was analysed using NVivo 12. The sample included 60 participants who self-identified as a sexual or gender minority. Although only 31.9% of participants reported experiencing LGBTQIA + -based discrimination at work, only 30% of participants reported being completely out at work. Qualitative findings revealed two main themes regarding adverse workplace experiences (overt discrimination and covert discrimination), two main themes regarding neutral and positive workplace experiences (acceptance and support and liberation after disclosure at work), and two main themes regarding participants’ vision of a truly inclusive and supportive workplace (instrumental changes and changes in values). These findings indicate that discrimination attributable to sexual orientation and gender identity still exists in Portuguese workplaces despite anti-discrimination protections and that more legal, institutional, and social support is needed to ensure a safe workplace for LGBTQIA + people.