Large eddy simulation of flow around a bluff body of vehicle shape

The turbulent flow with wake, reattachment and recirculation is a very important problem that is related to vehicle dynamics and aerodynamics. The Smagorinsky Model (SM), the Dynamics Subgrid Scale Model (DSM), and the Lagrangian Dynamic Subgrid Scale Model (LDSM) are used to predict the three-dimensional flow field around a bluff body model. The Reynolds number used is 45,000 based on the bulk velocity and the height of the bluff body. The fully developed turbulent flow, which is generated by the driver part, is used for the inlet boundary condition. The convective boundary condition is imposed on the outlet boundary condition, and the Spalding wall function is used for the wall boundary condition. We compare the results of each model with the results of the PIV measurement. First of all, the LES predicts flow behavior better than the k-ε turbulence model. When we compare various LES models, the DSM and the LDSM agree with the PIV experimental data better than the SM in the complex flow, with the separation and the reattachment at the upper front part of the bluff body. But in the rear part of the bluff body, the SM agrees with the PIV experimental results better than them. In this case, the SM predicts overall flow behavior better than the DSM and the LDSM.