Structural transformations of carbon materials in the processes of preparation from plant raw materials

The results of a study of carbon materials from rice husk, lignin, and cellulose subjected to different activation processes performed by the BET method and X-ray diffraction analysis are reported. The specific surface areas and total pore volumes and the X-ray diffraction compositions and characteristics of the carbon structures of the test samples were determined. It was shown that the treatment of carbonized plant raw materials with direct steam and sodium hydroxide causes the development of a surface and an increase in the degree of order of a carbon structure, whereas the high-temperature treatment (above 1000°С) leads to a decrease in the total pore volume and the specific surface area upon reaching a maximum degree of graphitization in the carbon structure.