A two-dimensional lattice model for simulating the failure and fracture behavior of wood

A two-dimensional lattice model consisting of truss elements was developed in this study to characterize the failure behavior under arbitrary loading and fracture behavior of wood. The characteristic of this model is to use the integral analytical procedure to determine the elastic stiffness and ultimate strengths of bonds based on energy and strength criteria, respectively, instead of using the trial-and-error method adopted by the current scholars in the field of timber. To prove the feasibility of the lattice model, the tension test, compression test, shear test, and off-axis test on Korean pine were carried out, and two types of fracture tests of Pinus pinaster were cited. The properties of the truss elements were determined from the basic mechanical parameters of wood. The simulated results from using the proposed lattice model were compared with the experimental data, and good agreements including deformation and stress–strain curves were observed. The lattice model in this paper can accurately simulate the failure and fracture behavior of heterogeneous wood, and this method can promote the use of lattice models in the wood mesoscopic and microscopic fields.