Preparation of Porous Columnar Silicon-Based Sponge and its Application in the Removal of Oil and Copper Ions from Wastewater

It was a difficult process to clean up oil spills and recover organic solvents. At the same time, the disordered discharge of a large number of industrial waste water carrying heavy metal ions caused great difficulties to clean up and recover them. The aim of this research was to develop an efficient adsorbent material capable of absorbing oil, organic solvent and heavy metal ion. Porous silicon-based sponges were prepared by sol-gel reaction using methyltrimethoxy-silane (MTMS), dimethyldimethoxy-silane (DMDMS), aminoterminal polysiloxane (NH2-POSS) and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as precursors in this paper. The surface of silicon-based sponge was modified by ultrasonic osmosis in dimethyl acetamide solution using high adsorption activated carbon. The modified sponge material has excellent thermal property and porous structure. At the same time, it has good adsorption properties for oil, organic solvent and copper ion. After modification, the adsorption rate of diesel oil and vegetable oil can reach 3–5 times of its own weight, and the removal rate of copper ion can reach 40%.