Agile radiation pattern control of metamaterial microstrip antenna

We are interested in this work, with the antenna radiation pattern agility. The aim is to control the radiation pattern using an agile metamaterial lens. This latter is based on an agile metamaterial. For this purpose we design an agile metamaterial unit cell which can flip between two different behaviors. The first one corresponds to an effective medium with a refractive index close to zero and the second one corresponds to an effective medium having a refractive index greater than unity. This agile lens is used to enhance a microstrip antenna gain and control its radiation pattern. The maximum realized gain obtained is up to 12 dB. The radiation pattern main lobe can be rotated from −47° to 47° in the E-plane and from −33° to 33° in the H-plane. We obtain also a main lobe beam width of 32° in the E-plane and 46° in the H-plane.