Sprinkler irrigation uniformity: Impact on the crop yield and water use efficiency

In this work, an assessment of the effect of distribution uniformity over water use efficiency is shown. The experimental study took place in Sebha region, southern Libya, characterized by arid climate and interested a barley field. The results of water irrigation in the sprinkler irrigation system with respect to the operating pressure (P) and raiser height of sprinkler (H) are reported with respect to distribution uniformity and water use efficiency. The main objective of irrigation is to apply the optimum amount of water to the crop root zone that is needed for its growth and maturation, and it is, hence, important for to check the uniformity of irrigation systems in order to adjust the operating parameters involved. To assess uniformity, the coefficient of uniformity (CU), the low quarter distribution uniformity (DU), and the coefficient of variation (CV) were considered, while the grain yield (GY), the crop height (CH) and the water use efficiency (WUE) weremeasured in order to find the best solution in terms of operating conditions. The highest values reached by the uniformity parameters with varying the operating conditions defined the best operating practices under which the irrigation system works efficiently: the results demonstrated that the maximum values for CU and DU, 91.37% and 0.85, respectively, were obtained at the highest P and H, and under the same conditions, also grain yield, plants height and WUE recorded the highest values: 5.50 t·ha−1, 63.49 cm and 0.75 kg·m−3, respectively. The results emerged in this work can be useful for similar arid regions like Sebha region, in order to solve the problems related to water scarcity and water use efficiency.